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Chemistry Pre-Board Exam Prep
English 35 leveled MCQs Free
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7 marks Long answer
Explain the concept of crystal field splitting in an octahedral complex. Draw a diagram showing the splitting of d-orbitals.
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In an octahedral complex, d-orbitals split into two sets: lower energy t$_{2g}$ and higher energy e$_g$ due to the approach of ligands.
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5 marks Long answer
Of the d⁴ species, Cr²⁺ is strongly reducing while Mn³⁺ is strongly oxidizing. Why?
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Cr²⁺ has a higher tendency to lose electrons due to its half-filled d-orbital configuration, while Mn³⁺ has a strong tendency to gain electrons to achieve stability.
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5 marks Long answer
45g of ethylene glycol (C$_2$H$_6$O$_2$) is mixed with 600g of water. Calculate the Freezing point depression (ΔT_f) of solution. K_f (Molal depression constant = 1.86 K Kg mol⁻¹).
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ΔT_f = 2.49 K
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5 marks Long answer
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: i. K$_3$[Al(ox)$_3$]³⁻ ii. [Pt(en)Cl$_2$] iii. [Cr(NH$_3$)$_3$Cl$_3$].
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i. Potassium tris(oxalato)aluminate(III); ii. Bis(ethylenediamine)platinum(II) dichloride; iii. Tris(ammine)chromium(III) chloride.
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5 marks Long answer
Write Nernst equation for the following cell and also calculate its e.m.f: Zn | Zn²⁺ (0.1M) || Ag⁺ (0.01M) | Ag. E°cell = 1.56 V at 298K given, (log 10³ = 3).
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Nernst equation: E = E° - (RT/nF)lnQ; e.m.f = 1.56 V - 0.0591/2 * log(10) = 1.52 V.
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5 marks Long answer
The vapour pressure of water at 293K is 17.535 mm Hg. Calculate the vapour pressure of water at 293K when 25g of glucose is dissolved in 450g of water.
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Vapour pressure = 17.41 mm Hg.
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5 marks Long answer
Derive the integrated rate equation for a First-order reaction.
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For a first-order reaction, ln[A] = -kt + ln[A]₀.
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4 marks Medium answer
Haloalkanes show nucleophilic substitution whereas Haloarenes show electrophilic substitution. Explain.
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Haloalkanes undergo nucleophilic substitution due to the presence of a polar C-X bond, while haloarenes undergo electrophilic substitution due to the stability of the aromatic ring.
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4 marks Medium answer
Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 4 g of NaOH in water to make a 250 mL solution. (Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol).
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0.4 M
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4 marks Medium answer
Calculate Molality of 2.5g of ethanoic acid (CH$_3$COOH) in 75g of benzene.
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0.5 mol/kg
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4 marks Medium answer
The decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ is a first-order reaction. Its rate constant is $5 \times 10^{-4} s^{-1}$. Calculate its half-life.
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1386.29 s
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4 marks Medium answer
A first-order reaction has a rate constant of $1.15 \times 10^{-3} s^{-1}$. How long will it take for 5 grams of this reactant to reduce to 3 grams?
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Approximately 2672.76 s
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4 marks Medium answer
Write down the Formula of the following coordination compounds: i. Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II). ii. Tetraammine dichlorido cobalt(III) chloride.
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i. K$_3$[Fe(CN)$_6$], ii. [Co(NH$_3$)$_4$Cl$_2$]Cl
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4 marks Medium answer
What are interstitial compounds? Give example also.
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Interstitial compounds are formed when small atoms occupy the interstitial spaces in a metal lattice; an example is $Fe_3C$ (cementite).
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4 marks Medium answer
What are primary and secondary batteries? Give one example of each.
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Primary batteries are non-rechargeable (e.g., alkaline batteries), while secondary batteries are rechargeable (e.g., lead-acid batteries).
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4 marks Medium answer
State Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions.
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Kohlrausch's law states that the limiting molar conductivity of an electrolyte is the sum of the contributions of its individual ions.
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4 marks Medium answer
Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) for the reaction: Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s). Given E°cell = 1.1 V and F = 96500 Cmol⁻¹.
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-106.2 kJ/mol
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4 marks Medium answer
Define the following terms: i. ppm ii. Molality.
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i. ppm is parts per million; ii. Molality is moles of solute per kg of solvent.
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4 marks Medium answer
Explain the following: i. Relative lowering of vapour pressure ii. Osmotic pressure.
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i. Relative lowering of vapour pressure is the decrease in vapour pressure of a solvent when a solute is added; ii. Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to stop osmosis.
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4 marks Medium answer
Conductivity of 0.20M solution of KCl at 298K is 0.0248 S cm⁻¹. Calculate its molar conductivity.
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0.124 S cm²/mol
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4 marks Medium answer
Complete the following chemical reaction: i. CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$-OH + HCl → ii. CH$_3$CH$_2$CH=CH$_2$ + HCl →
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i. CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$Cl + H$_2$O; ii. CH$_3$CH$_2$CHCl-CH$_3$
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following ligands is a bidentate ligand?
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C$_2$O$_4^{2-}$
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following units is temperature-dependent?
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Molarity
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following compounds is a gem-dihalide?
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1,1-Dichloroethane
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following is not a colligative property.
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Specific volume.
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1 marks Short answer
In an electrochemical cell, the salt bridge is used for:
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Maintaining the electrical neutrality of the cell.
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1 marks Short answer
The general outer electronic configuration of d-block elements is:
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$(n-1)d^{1-10}ns^2$
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following ions is diamagnetic?
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Zn$^{2+}$
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1 marks Short answer
Which of the following haloalkanes is most reactive towards a nucleophilic substitution reaction?
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(CH$_3$)$_3$CCl
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1 marks Short answer
The unit of the rate constant for a zero-order reaction is:
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mol L$^{-1}$ S$^{-1}$
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1 marks Short answer
The molecularity of the reaction $2NO_{(g)} + O_{2(g)} \rightarrow 2NO_{2(g)}$ is:
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3
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1 marks Short answer
What is the oxidation state of the central metal ion in $[Fe(H_2O)_5(NO)]SO_4$?
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+2
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1 marks Short answer
How many Faradays of electricity are required to deposit 1 mole of aluminum from molten Al$_2$O$_3$?
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3 Faradays
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1 marks Short answer
State Henry's Law. Mention one of its applications.
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Henry's Law states that the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid.
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1 marks Short answer
Write the IUPAC name of the following compound: $CH_3CH=C(Cl)CH_3$.
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4-chloro-3-methylbut-2-ene
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