Thermometry

Question What is temperature? tap to flip ↻ Answer A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Question What does a thermometer measure? tap to flip ↻ Answer Temperature Question What is the SI unit of temperature? tap to flip ↻ Answer Kelvin (K) Question What is the freezing point of water in Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $0^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is the boiling point of water in Celsius at standard pressure? tap to flip ↻ Answer $100^\circ\text{C}$ Question Convert $25^\circ\text{C}$ to Kelvin. tap to flip ↻ Answer $298.15\,\text{K}$ Question What is absolute zero in Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $-273.15^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is absolute zero in Kelvin? tap to flip ↻ Answer $0\,\text{K}$ Question What is the formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin? tap to flip ↻ Answer $K = ^\circ\text{C} + 273.15$ Question What is the formula to convert Kelvin to Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $^\circ\text{C} = K - 273.15$ Question What is the formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit? tap to flip ↻ Answer $^\circ\text{F} = \frac{9}{5}(^\circ\text{C}) + 32$ Question What is the formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $^\circ\text{C} = \frac{5}{9}(^\circ\text{F} - 32)$ Question What is the principle of a liquid-in-glass thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer Liquids expand when heated and contract when cooled, causing the liquid column to rise or fall. Question Which liquid is commonly used in thermometers? tap to flip ↻ Answer Mercury or alcohol Question Why is mercury used in thermometers? tap to flip ↻ Answer It expands uniformly, is opaque, and doesn't stick to glass. Question What is a clinical thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer A thermometer used to measure human body temperature, typically with a range of $35^\circ\text{C}$ to $42^\circ\text{C}$. Question What is the normal human body temperature in Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $37^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is the normal human body temperature in Fahrenheit? tap to flip ↻ Answer $98.6^\circ\text{F}$ Question What is a laboratory thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer A thermometer used in experiments, typically with a range of $-10^\circ\text{C}$ to $110^\circ\text{C}$. Question What is the range of a clinical thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer $35^\circ\text{C}$ to $42^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is the range of a laboratory thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer $-10^\circ\text{C}$ to $110^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is the difference between heat and temperature? tap to flip ↻ Answer Heat is energy transferred due to temperature difference; temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy. Question What is thermal equilibrium? tap to flip ↻ Answer The state when two objects in contact have the same temperature and no net heat flow occurs. Question What is the Celsius scale based on? tap to flip ↻ Answer Freezing point ($0^\circ\text{C}$) and boiling point ($100^\circ\text{C}$) of water at standard pressure. Question What is the Fahrenheit scale based on? tap to flip ↻ Answer Freezing point ($32^\circ\text{F}$) and boiling point ($212^\circ\text{F}$) of water at standard pressure. Question What is the Kelvin scale based on? tap to flip ↻ Answer Absolute zero ($0\,\text{K}$) and the triple point of water ($273.16\,\text{K}$). Question Convert $100^\circ\text{C}$ to Fahrenheit. tap to flip ↻ Answer $212^\circ\text{F}$ Question Convert $32^\circ\text{F}$ to Celsius. tap to flip ↻ Answer $0^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is the lowest possible temperature called? tap to flip ↻ Answer Absolute zero Question Can temperature be negative on the Kelvin scale? tap to flip ↻ Answer No, Kelvin starts at absolute zero and has no negative values. Question What is the thermometric property? tap to flip ↻ Answer A physical property that changes with temperature, such as volume, pressure, or electrical resistance. Question Name one thermometric property used in thermometers. tap to flip ↻ Answer Volume of a liquid (e.g., mercury or alcohol) Question What is the formula relating Celsius and Fahrenheit? tap to flip ↻ Answer $\frac{^\circ\text{C}}{5} = \frac{^\circ\text{F} - 32}{9}$ Question What is the formula relating Kelvin and Celsius? tap to flip ↻ Answer $K = ^\circ\text{C} + 273.15$ Question What is the formula relating Kelvin and Fahrenheit? tap to flip ↻ Answer $K = \frac{5}{9}(^\circ\text{F} - 32) + 273.15$ Question What is the purpose of the constriction in a clinical thermometer? tap to flip ↻ Answer It prevents mercury from flowing back into the bulb, allowing the temperature to be read after removal. Question Why should a clinical thermometer be sterilized before use? tap to flip ↻ Answer To prevent the spread of infections. Question What is the normal range of human body temperature? tap to flip ↻ Answer $36.5^\circ\text{C}$ to $37.5^\circ\text{C}$ Question What is a fever? tap to flip ↻ Answer A body temperature above the normal range, typically above $37.5^\circ\text{C}$. Question What is the SI base unit for thermodynamic temperature? tap to flip ↻ Answer Kelvin (K)