Plant Cell

Question What is the basic structural and functional unit of all plants? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **plant cell**. Question Which structure surrounds the plant cell and provides support and protection? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **cell wall**. Question What is the cell wall primarily made of? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Cellulose**. Question Which part controls the activities of the plant cell and contains genetic material? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **nucleus**. Question What is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds organelles? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **cytoplasm**. Question Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **mitochondrion** (plural: mitochondria). Question Which organelle carries out photosynthesis in plant cells? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **chloroplast**. Question What green pigment in chloroplasts captures sunlight for photosynthesis? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Chlorophyll**. Question Which large organelle stores water, nutrients, and waste in plant cells? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **central vacuole**. Question Which organelle is a network of membranes that transports materials within the cell? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **endoplasmic reticulum** (ER). Question What are the small structures that synthesize proteins? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Ribosomes**. Question Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **Golgi apparatus** (or Golgi body). Question Which organelles contain digestive enzymes to break down waste? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Lysosomes**. Question What is the selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **cell membrane** (plasma membrane). Question Which structure in the nucleus makes ribosomes? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **nucleolus**. Question What are the membrane-bound sacs that transport materials within the cell? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Vesicles**. Question Which organelle is responsible for breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **peroxisome**. Question What is the fluid-filled space inside the central vacuole called? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Cell sap**. Question Which part of the plant cell gives it a rigid shape and prevents bursting? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **cell wall**. Question What are the stacks of flattened sacs in the chloroplast called? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Thylakoids** (grana are stacks of thylakoids). Question Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **mitochondrion**. Question What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells? tap to flip ↻ Answer It stores water and nutrients, and provides **turgor pressure** to keep the cell firm. Question Which structure allows materials to pass between adjacent plant cells? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Plasmodesmata**. Question What is the term for the living substance of a cell, including the cytoplasm and organelles? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Protoplasm**. Question Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids and detoxifying drugs? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **smooth endoplasmic reticulum**. Question What is the function of ribosomes? tap to flip ↻ Answer They are the site of **protein synthesis**. Question Which part of the cell contains the genetic material (DNA)? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **nucleus**. Question What is the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus called? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **nuclear envelope** (or nuclear membrane). Question Which organelle is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins for secretion? tap to flip ↻ Answer The **rough endoplasmic reticulum**. Question What are the small membrane-bound structures that contain enzymes for various metabolic reactions? tap to flip ↻ Answer **Peroxisomes**.