Photosynthesis in Green Plants: 20 flashcards
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1. What is photosynthesis?
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The process by which green plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make glucose (food) and release oxygen.
2. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis.
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$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light, chlorophyll}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$$
3. Where in the cell does photosynthesis take place?
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In the chloroplasts, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
4. What is chlorophyll?
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The green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
5. Why do leaves appear green?
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Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light and reflects green light, which reaches our eyes.
6. How does carbon dioxide enter a leaf?
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Through tiny pores called stomata on the leaf surface.
7. How does water reach the leaves?
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Roots absorb water from the soil, and xylem vessels carry it up to the leaves.
8. How is glucose transported away from the leaf?
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Through the phloem, which carries glucose to other parts of the plant.
9. Where does the oxygen released in photosynthesis come from?
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From the splitting of water molecules, not from carbon dioxide.
10. Is light a raw material in photosynthesis?
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No — light provides energy; the raw materials are carbon dioxide and water.
11. What happens to the glucose made in photosynthesis?
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It is used immediately for energy, stored as starch, or transported through the phloem.
12. What is a limiting factor in photosynthesis?
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The factor in shortest supply that restricts the rate of photosynthesis.
13. Name three factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.
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Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.
14. Why can't a variegated leaf photosynthesise in its white patches?
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Those patches lack chlorophyll, so they cannot absorb light energy.
15. How are photosynthesis and respiration different in timing?
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Photosynthesis occurs only in light (in green parts); respiration occurs all the time in all living cells.
16. Do plants get their food from the soil?
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No — food (glucose) is made in the leaves; soil supplies water and minerals, not food.
17. What is the role of stomata in photosynthesis?
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They allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and oxygen to leave.
18. Why is photosynthesis called the entry point of energy into food chains?
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It captures light energy and stores it as chemical energy in glucose, which then passes to consumers.
19. What is the balanced equation's atom count for oxygen on each side?
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18 oxygen atoms on the left (12 from CO2 + 6 from water) and 18 on the right (6 in glucose + 12 in O2).
20. What does the green colour of a leaf actually signal?
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It signals that chlorophyll is present; the colour itself does not cause photosynthesis.
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