Heredity and Evolution — Class 10 NCERT Chapter 8: 26 flashcards
All 26 flashcards from this kit, free and with no sign-up.
1. Define heredity.
Show the answer
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
2. What is variation?
Show the answer
Differences in traits among individuals of a species.
3. What are genes?
Show the answer
Segments of DNA that control traits.
4. What are alleles?
Show the answer
Alternative forms of a gene.
5. Define dominant allele.
Show the answer
An allele that expresses itself even when only one copy is present.
6. Define recessive allele.
Show the answer
An allele that expresses only when both copies are recessive.
7. What is genotype?
Show the answer
The genetic makeup of an organism, e.g., TT, Tt, tt.
8. What is phenotype?
Show the answer
The observable trait of an organism, e.g., tall or dwarf.
9. Why did Mendel choose garden peas?
Show the answer
They are easy to grow, have clear contrasting traits, and can be self-pollinated.
10. What is a monohybrid cross?
Show the answer
A cross involving one pair of contrasting traits.
11. What phenotypic ratio appears in F2 of a monohybrid cross?
Show the answer
3:1 (dominant : recessive).
12. What genotypic ratio appears in F2 of a monohybrid cross?
Show the answer
1:2:1 (TT : Tt : tt).
13. What is a dihybrid cross?
Show the answer
A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits.
14. What F2 phenotypic ratio results from a dihybrid cross?
Show the answer
9:3:3:1.
15. State the law of independent assortment.
Show the answer
Traits are inherited independently of each other.
16. What is a Punnett square used for?
Show the answer
To predict all possible offspring combinations from two parents.
17. What is a carrier?
Show the answer
An individual with one recessive allele who shows the dominant trait.
18. How is sex determined in humans?
Show the answer
By sex chromosomes: females are XX, males are XY.
19. Who determines the sex of a child?
Show the answer
The father, because his sperm can carry either X or Y.
20. What is the probability of a boy or girl at each birth?
Show the answer
50% each.
21. Why is variation important for evolution?
Show the answer
Variation is the raw material for natural selection and evolution.
22. Name two sources of variation.
Show the answer
Sexual reproduction and mutations.
23. Does a dominant trait have to be more common in a population?
Show the answer
No, dominance is about expression, not frequency.
24. Give an example of a dominant human trait.
Show the answer
Free earlobes (or tongue rolling).
25. Give an example of a recessive human trait.
Show the answer
Attached earlobes.
26. How can a recessive trait skip a generation?
Show the answer
Carriers (heterozygotes) show the dominant trait but can pass the recessive allele to offspring.
Your notes can be a kit like these
Every kit here was made from real study material. Point Veda at a chapter, a PDF, a photo or a link and get notes, flashcards, practice MCQs, games and a scored test — free, in 42 languages.
- Chapter notes
- Flashcards
- Practice MCQs
- Scored tests
- Exam prep
Get Veda free See what students get
Free to start · No ads · Works in 42 languages