Water States: 51 flashcards
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1. What are the three common states of water?
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Solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (water vapour).
2. What is the process called when a solid changes directly to a gas without becoming a liquid?
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Sublimation.
3. What is the process called when a gas changes directly to a solid?
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Deposition.
4. What is the process called when a liquid changes to a gas?
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Evaporation (or vaporization).
5. What is the process called when a gas changes to a liquid?
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Condensation.
6. What is the process called when a solid changes to a liquid?
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Melting (or fusion).
7. What is the process called when a liquid changes to a solid?
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Freezing (or solidification).
8. What is the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure?
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$100^\circ\text{C}$ (212°F).
9. What is the freezing point of water at standard atmospheric pressure?
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$0^\circ\text{C}$ (32°F).
10. What is the chemical formula for water?
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$\text{H}_2\text{O}$
11. What is the name of the phase change from gas to plasma?
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Ionization.
12. What is the name of the phase change from plasma to gas?
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Recombination (or deionization).
13. What is the fourth state of matter, distinct from solid, liquid, and gas?
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Plasma.
14. What is the process called when a substance changes from one state to another?
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Phase change (or change of state).
15. What is the energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point called?
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Latent heat of fusion.
16. What is the energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas at its boiling point called?
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Latent heat of vaporization.
17. What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?
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It remains constant.
18. What is the term for the amount of water vapour in the air?
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Humidity.
19. What is the process called when water vapour in the air turns into liquid water droplets?
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Condensation.
20. What is the process called when water from plants enters the atmosphere as vapour?
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Transpiration.
21. What is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface called?
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The water cycle (hydrologic cycle).
22. What is the process called when water falls from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail?
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Precipitation.
23. What is the name of the state change from liquid to gas that occurs at the surface of a liquid?
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Evaporation.
24. What is the name of the state change from liquid to gas that occurs throughout the liquid at its boiling point?
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Boiling (or ebullition).
25. What is the term for a solid that has a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules?
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Crystalline solid.
26. What is the term for a solid that lacks a regular, repeating arrangement?
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Amorphous solid.
27. What is the name of the temperature at which a liquid's vapour pressure equals the external pressure?
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Boiling point.
28. What is the name of the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid?
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Melting point.
29. What is the term for the pressure exerted by a vapour in equilibrium with its liquid?
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Vapour pressure.
30. What is the name of the process where a liquid changes to a gas at a temperature below its boiling point?
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Evaporation.
31. What is the name of the process where a gas changes to a liquid at a temperature below its boiling point?
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Condensation.
32. What is the term for the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C?
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1 calorie (or 4.184 joules).
33. What is the name of the phase change from solid to gas?
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Sublimation.
34. What is the name of the phase change from gas to solid?
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Deposition.
35. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to solid?
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Freezing.
36. What is the name of the phase change from solid to liquid?
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Melting.
37. What is the name of the phase change from gas to liquid?
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Condensation.
38. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to gas?
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Evaporation (or vaporization).
39. What is the term for the state of matter that has a definite shape and volume?
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Solid.
40. What is the term for the state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape?
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Liquid.
41. What is the term for the state of matter that has no definite shape or volume?
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Gas.
42. What is the term for the state of matter consisting of ionized gas?
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Plasma.
43. What is the name of the process where a solid turns directly into a gas?
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Sublimation.
44. What is the name of the process where a gas turns directly into a solid?
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Deposition.
45. What is the term for the heat energy absorbed or released during a phase change?
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Latent heat.
46. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to gas that occurs at the boiling point?
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Vaporization (or boiling).
47. What is the name of the phase change from gas to liquid?
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Condensation.
48. What is the name of the phase change from solid to liquid?
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Melting.
49. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to solid?
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Freezing.
50. What is the name of the phase change from solid to gas?
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Sublimation.
51. What is the name of the phase change from gas to solid?
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Deposition.
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