Our Agriculture: Farming, Crops and Food Security: 20 flashcards
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1. What is agriculture?
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The practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising livestock for food and other products.
2. Name three allied activities included in agriculture.
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Animal husbandry, fisheries, and horticulture.
3. What percentage of India's population depends on agriculture for livelihood?
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Around half.
4. List the steps of a crop cycle in order.
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Field preparation → sowing → irrigation → weeding → fertiliser → pest control → harvest → storage.
5. What four factors determine soil fertility?
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Texture, pH, humus content, and nutrient balance.
6. How do legumes enrich soil?
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They fix atmospheric nitrogen through *Rhizobium* bacteria.
7. What is the key difference between manure and fertiliser?
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Manure is organic and improves soil structure; fertiliser is inorganic and nutrient-concentrated.
8. Name four sources of irrigation.
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Canals, wells and tube wells, tanks, and rivers.
9. Which irrigation methods save water compared to flood irrigation?
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Drip and sprinkler irrigation.
10. What happens with over-irrigation?
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Waterlogging, root rot, and salinity.
11. Why are weeds harmful to crops?
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They compete with crops for sunlight, water, and nutrients.
12. What does Integrated Pest Management (IPM) aim to do?
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Reduce chemical dependence by combining mechanical, chemical, and biological control methods.
13. What is threshing?
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Separating grain from chaff.
14. What is winnowing?
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Removing lighter chaff using wind.
15. Why is proper drying and storage important?
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To prevent post-harvest losses from moisture, insects, and fungi.
16. What products does animal husbandry provide?
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Milk, meat, eggs, wool, and draught power.
17. How does agriculture supply industries?
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It provides raw materials like cotton for textiles and sugarcane for sugar mills.
18. What is sustainable agriculture?
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Farming that meets today's needs without compromising tomorrow's, balancing productivity with long-term soil and water health.
19. How does crop rotation help?
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It maintains soil fertility and reduces pest buildup.
20. What is the trade-off of modern farming?
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Higher yield but dependence on capital, water, and knowledge.
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