Fluid Mechanics Exam Prep
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Fluid Mechanics Exam Prep
English 21 leveled MCQs Free
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10 marks Long answer
State and prove the Pascal's law.
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Pascal's law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions; proof involves considering a small area on the fluid.
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10 marks Long answer
Define and Explain Newton's law of viscosity.
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Newton's law of viscosity states that the shear stress is proportional to the shear rate; it describes the relationship between viscosity and flow.
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10 marks Long answer
Drive an expression for pressure head in a fluid at rest.
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The pressure head in a fluid at rest is given by \( h = rac{P}{ ho g} \), where \( P \) is pressure, \( ho \) is density, and \( g \) is acceleration due to gravity.
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10 marks Long answer
Explain different types of manometer.
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Types of manometers include U-tube manometers, piezometers, and inclined manometers, each used to measure fluid pressure.
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10 marks Long answer
Derive an expression for depth of center of pressure from free surface of liquid of an inclined plane surface submerged in the liquid.
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The depth of the center of pressure can be derived using the formula \( h_{cp} = h + rac{I_g}{A h} \), where \( I_g \) is the moment of inertia and \( A \) is the area.
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10 marks Long answer
An open tank contains water up to a depth of 2 m and above it and oil of specific gravity 0.9 for a depth of 1 m. find the pressure intensity (i) at the interface of two liquids, and (ii) at the bottom of the tank.
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Pressure intensity at the interface is calculated using \( P = ho g h \), and at the bottom, it is the sum of pressures from both liquids.
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10 marks Long answer
A rectangular plate surface is 2 m wide long and 3 m deep. It lies in a vertical plane in water. Determine total pressure and position of Centre of pressure on the plane surface when its upper edge is horizontal and (a) coincides with water surface (b) 2.5 m below the free water surface.
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Total pressure is calculated using \( P = ho g h A \) and center of pressure is found using \( h_{cp} = h + rac{I_g}{A h} \).
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4 marks Medium answer
Define Newtonian fluids and Non-Newtonian fluids.
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Newtonian fluids have a constant viscosity regardless of the shear rate, while Non-Newtonian fluids have a viscosity that changes with the shear rate.
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4 marks Medium answer
Define meta-centre and meta-centric height.
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Meta-centre is the point where the buoyant force acts, and meta-centric height is the distance between the centre of buoyancy and the meta-centre.
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4 marks Medium answer
What are the basic properties of fluid?
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Basic properties of fluid include density, viscosity, surface tension, and compressibility.
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4 marks Medium answer
Define real fluid & Ideal fluid.
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Real fluids have viscosity and exhibit resistance to flow, while ideal fluids are hypothetical and have no viscosity.
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4 marks Medium answer
Differentiate between absolute and gauge pressure.
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Absolute pressure is measured relative to a perfect vacuum, while gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure.
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4 marks Medium answer
Why does pressure increase with depth?
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Pressure increases with depth due to the weight of the fluid above the point of measurement.
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4 marks Medium answer
What is the difference between dynamic and kinematic viscosity?
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Dynamic viscosity measures a fluid's internal resistance to flow, while kinematic viscosity measures the fluid's resistance to flow under the influence of gravity.
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2 marks Short answer
Define a fluid.
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A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously under an applied shear stress.
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2 marks Short answer
What is meant by density of a fluid?
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Density of a fluid is the mass per unit volume of the fluid.
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2 marks Short answer
Define specific weight.
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Specific weight is the weight of a unit volume of a fluid.
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2 marks Short answer
What is specific volume?
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Specific volume is the volume occupied by a unit mass of a fluid.
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2 marks Short answer
Define specific gravity.
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Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of a reference substance, typically water.
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2 marks Short answer
Define rheology.
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Rheology is the study of the flow and deformation of matter.
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2 marks Short answer
What is a piezometer?
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A piezometer is a device used to measure the pressure of a fluid at a specific point.
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