Chemistry Term I Exam Prep
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Chemistry Term I Exam Prep
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Using Valence Bond Theory, explain the following in relation to the paramagnetic complex $[NiCl_4]^{2-}$: a) Type of hybridization. b) Magnetic moment value. c) Type of complex — whether inner orbital or outer orbital. Justify your answer.
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Hybridization: sp$^3$; Magnetic moment: 2.83 BM; Outer orbital complex due to d$^8$ configuration.
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a) State Henry's law. b) Calculate the mass of the compound (molar mass = 256 g mol$^{-1}$) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to lower its freezing point by 0.48 K. (Given: Kf of $C_6H_6 = 5.12 K kg mol^{-1}$)
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a) P = i * C; b) Mass = 4.8 g.
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Illustrate the following reaction with a suitable chemical equation: a) Cannizzaro reaction. b) Give a chemical test to distinguish between benzaldehyde and acetophenone. c) How will you convert benzaldehyde into benzophenone?
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a) Cannizzaro: 2RCHO + NaOH → RCOO^-Na^+ + RCH$_2$OH; b) 2,4-DNP test; c) Friedel-Crafts acylation.
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Give the structure and IUPAC name of the product expected from the following reaction. a) Catalytic reduction of butanal. b) Reaction of propanone with methyl magnesium bromide, followed by hydrolysis.
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Butanol and 2-methyl-2-pentanol respectively.
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