Classification of Living Things: Plants and Animals: 20 flashcards
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1. What is classification?
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Grouping organisms on the basis of their common characteristics.
2. Why is classification necessary?
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It is impossible to study every plant and animal separately, so grouping makes study manageable.
3. List the life processes that define living things.
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Cellular structure, growth, nutrition, respiration, movement, response to stimuli, reproduction and excretion.
4. Do non-living things grow, respire or reproduce?
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No — non-living things do not grow, respire, reproduce or respond to stimuli.
5. Is movement alone proof of life?
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No. A car moves and a river flows, but neither is living.
6. How do we correctly recognise life?
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By a combination of features, not by any single one.
7. On what basis are plants classified in this chapter?
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On the basis of height, size and shape.
8. Name the three categories of plants.
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Herbs, shrubs and trees.
9. What is a herb?
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A very small plant, usually a few centimetres to about one metre tall, with a soft green stem.
10. Give two examples of herbs.
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Mint and grasses (vegetables and many flowering plants are also herbs).
11. What is a shrub?
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A medium-sized plant with a woody stem that branches close to the ground.
12. Give an example of a shrub.
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Cotton.
13. What is a tree?
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The largest plant, with a hard woody trunk that branches high above the ground.
14. Give an example of a tree.
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The neem tree.
15. Which is a more reliable test of plant type: height or stem nature?
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The nature of the stem (soft vs woody) is more reliable than height alone.
16. Why is a short sapling classified as a tree, not a herb?
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Because its stem is already woody and will thicken into a trunk.
17. Why is a tall grass still a herb?
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Because its stem stays soft and green, even if it grows tall.
18. What is the first step in classifying organisms?
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Separating living things from non-living things using life processes.
19. What is the second step in classification?
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Separating plants from animals among living things.
20. How is classification useful in farming and gardening?
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It helps choose and manage plants — herbs need different spacing and harvesting than trees; shrubs suit hedges and trees give shade.
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