Medicinal Chemistry Exam Prep
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Medicinal Chemistry Exam Prep
English 22 leveled MCQs Free
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7 marks Long answer
Classify local anesthetics. Discuss SAR of local anesthetics with suitable examples.
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Local anesthetics are classified into esters and amides; SAR includes lipophilicity and pKa affecting potency and duration.
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7 marks Long answer
Describe sedative and hypnotics. Discuss in detail about SAR of barbiturates.
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Sedatives calm patients while hypnotics induce sleep; barbiturates' SAR includes modifications affecting lipid solubility and duration.
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7 marks Long answer
Write down mechanism of action, synthesis of phenytoin and diazepam.
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Phenytoin stabilizes neuronal membranes; diazepam enhances GABA activity; both have distinct synthetic routes.
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7 marks Long answer
Give the classification and mechanism of action of drugs used for Parkinson disease.
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Parkinson's drugs are classified into dopaminergic and anticholinergic; they restore dopamine balance in the brain.
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7 marks Long answer
Describe antidepressant drugs. Classify them and explain in detail about tricyclic antidepressants.
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Antidepressants include SSRIs, SNRIs, and TCAs; TCAs inhibit norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake.
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7 marks Long answer
Explain in detail about different forces existing between drug receptor interactions.
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Forces include hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, and van der Waals forces, crucial for drug-receptor binding.
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7 marks Long answer
Discuss in detail about the cholinergic drugs along with their uses.
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Cholinergic drugs enhance acetylcholine effects; used in myasthenia gravis and Alzheimer's disease.
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7 marks Long answer
Define antitussives. Give structure, mechanism of action and uses of dextromethorphan.
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Antitussives suppress cough; dextromethorphan acts on the cough center in the brain.
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7 marks Long answer
Define the term Prodrug. Explain in detail with suitable examples along with its applications.
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Prodrugs are inactive compounds converted to active drugs in the body; examples include codeine and enalapril.
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7 marks Long answer
Classify anticonvulsant agents. Give the structures, mechanism of action of valproic acid and ethosuximide.
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Anticonvulsants include sodium channel blockers and GABA enhancers; valproic acid increases GABA levels, ethosuximide reduces calcium influx.
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4 marks Medium answer
Classify CNS stimulants. Discuss about synthesis of caffeine.
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CNS stimulants include amphetamines and methylphenidate; caffeine is synthesized from theobromine.
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4 marks Medium answer
Define bioisosterism. Explain in detail about its applications.
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Bioisosterism refers to the substitution of one atom or group for another to improve pharmacological properties.
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4 marks Medium answer
What are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors? Give the synthesis of tacrine.
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine; tacrine is synthesized from 9-aminoacridine.
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4 marks Medium answer
Describe skeletal muscle relaxants. Give examples along with the mechanism of action.
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Skeletal muscle relaxants like baclofen act by inhibiting neurotransmitter release at the spinal cord.
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4 marks Medium answer
Classify antipsychotic drugs. Discuss in detail about first generation antipsychotics.
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Antipsychotic drugs are classified into typical and atypical; first generation includes haloperidol, which blocks dopamine receptors.
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2 marks Short answer
Write the uses and mechanism of action of chlorpromazine.
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Chlorpromazine is used as an antipsychotic and works by blocking dopamine receptors.
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2 marks Short answer
Discuss the drugs used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease.
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Drugs like donepezil and rivastigmine are used to manage symptoms of Alzheimer disease.
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2 marks Short answer
Draw the structure of ephedrine and write its uses.
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Ephedrine is used as a bronchodilator and decongestant.
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2 marks Short answer
Give the synthesis of benzocaine.
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Benzocaine is synthesized from p-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol.
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2 marks Short answer
Write the uses and mechanism of action of Dicyclomine.
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Dicyclomine is used to relieve muscle spasms in the gastrointestinal tract by blocking acetylcholine.
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2 marks Short answer
Differentiate between geometrical and conformational isomers.
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Geometrical isomers differ in spatial arrangement around a double bond, while conformational isomers differ by rotation around single bonds.
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2 marks Short answer
Give the structure and uses of atropine.
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Atropine is used as an anticholinergic agent and its structure is derived from belladonna alkaloids.
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