Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Concepts and Pillars: 21 MCQs with answers

Q1. Which statement best describes OOP?

Q2. In procedural programming, what is emphasised?

Q3. How many pillars does OOP have according to the chapter?

Q4. Which of the following is NOT one of the six pillars of OOP?

Q5. What is a class?

Q6. What is an object?

Q7. A red Toyota Corolla and a blue Honda Civic built from the same car design are examples of:

Q8. Which pillar bundles data and methods while restricting direct access?

Q9. Which access modifiers are used by encapsulation to hide internal state?

Q10. Which pillar hides complex implementation details and shows only essential features?

Q11. OOP has six pillars — Class, Object, Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism — not the four commonly quoted.

Q12. Pressing the channel button on a remote without knowing the internal circuit is an example of:

Q13. Which mechanism lets a child class acquire properties and methods from a parent class?

Q14. Which relationship does inheritance establish?

Q15. Which of these is a type of inheritance named in the chapter?

Q16. What does polymorphism mean in OOP?

Q17. Given the following class structure, identify the correct statement regarding the `SportsCar` class and its relationship with the `Car` class: ```python class Car: def __init__(self, model): self.model = model class SportsCar(Car): def __init__(self, model, speed): super().__init__(model) self.speed = speed ```

Q18. Evaluate the following code snippet and determine what will be the output when `my_car` is created: ```python class Car: def __init__(self, model): self.model = model class SportsCar(Car): def __init__(self, model, speed): super().__init__(model) self.speed = speed my_car = SportsCar('Ferrari', 200) print(my_car.model) ```

Q19. Analyze the following class definitions and determine which statement best describes the relationship between `Animal` and `Dog`: ```python class Animal: def sound(self): return 'Some sound' class Dog(Animal): def sound(self): return 'Bark' ```

Q20. Consider the implications of encapsulation in the following class design: ```python class BankAccount: def __init__(self, balance): self.__balance = balance def deposit(self, amount): self.__balance += amount def get_balance(self): return self.__balance ``` What is the primary benefit of using the `__balance` attribute with double underscores?

Q21. Given the following code snippet, identify the polymorphic behavior demonstrated: ```python class Shape: def area(self): pass class Circle(Shape): def area(self, radius): return 3.14 * radius**2 class Square(Shape): def area(self, side): return side**2 ``` How does this design exemplify polymorphism?