Ip address: 21 MCQs with answers

32 bits

IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long, typically represented in dotted-decimal notation.

Class A

Class A addresses use the first octet for the network portion, so the default subnet mask is 255.0.0.0.

10.1.1.255

For a /24 network, the broadcast address is the last address in the range, which is 10.1.1.255.

Class D

Class D addresses (224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255) are reserved for multicast groups.

/24

255.255.255.0 has 24 consecutive 1s in binary, so it is written as /24.

127.0.0.1

127.0.0.1 is the standard loopback address used to test network software on the local machine.

Class B

172.16.0.1 falls in the 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 range, which is Class B.

True

Class C addresses have a default mask of 255.255.255.0, meaning the first three octets are the network portion.

False

Each octet in an IPv4 address ranges from 0 to 255, so 256 is invalid.

—

Subnetting is the technique of partitioning a larger network into smaller, more efficient sub-networks.

—

IPv4 addresses are written as four decimal numbers (octets) separated by dots, each representing 8 bits.

—

The broadcast address is the last address in a subnet, used to send data to all devices on that subnet.

192.168.5.128

The mask 255.255.255.192 (/26) gives a block size of 64. 130 falls in the 128-191 range, so the network address is 192.168.5.128.

172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255

The private Class B range is 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 as defined by RFC 1918.

30

A /27 subnet has 5 bits for hosts, giving 2^5 = 32 addresses, minus 2 for network and broadcast = 30 usable hosts.

8

Borrowing 3 bits gives 2^3 = 8 subnets (though some older standards subtract 2, modern practice uses all 8).

To divide a network into smaller, manageable segments

Subnetting allows a network to be split into smaller sub-networks for better management, security, and efficiency.

2

A /30 mask leaves 2 bits for hosts, giving 2^2 = 4 addresses, minus 2 for network and broadcast = 2 usable hosts.

True

Subnetting borrows host bits for network bits, which reduces the number of hosts per subnet, though total hosts across all subnets may be less due to subnet and broadcast addresses.

True

CIDR replaced classful addressing and enables the use of any prefix length, not just the fixed /8, /16, /24.

False

Network addresses are determined by the subnet mask; for example, with a /27 mask, network addresses are multiples of 32, which are even, but with a /26 mask, they are multiples of 64 (also even). However, in general, network addresses can be odd if the block size is odd, but block sizes are powers of 2, so network add…