Separation of substances is the process of dividing a mixture into its useful components using methods suited to the nature of the mixture. This chapter covers techniques like handpicking, threshing, winnowing, sieving,…
**Separation of substances** means physically taking apart a mixture to get its useful or pure components.
Separation does not change the chemical nature of the substances — only their arrangement.
The method chosen depends on a **difference in properties** between the components.
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A student says that separating salt from salt water changes the salt into a new substance. Is the student correct?
Beginner
A No, separation only changes arrangement, not the substance.B Yes, salt becomes a new substance.C No, because salt disappears completely.D Yes, because heating always changes substances.
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No, separation only changes arrangement, not the substance.
Separation is a physical process. It pulls components apart without changing what they are chemically, so the salt remains salt.
Which property difference is used in winnowing?
Beginner
A Difference in magnetismB Difference in weightC Difference in boiling pointD Difference in colour
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Difference in weight
Winnowing uses moving air to blow away lighter husk while heavier grain falls straight down, so it depends on a difference in weight.
A farmer has dried stalks with grain still attached. Which method should he use first to free the grain?
Beginner
A SedimentationB ThreshingC FiltrationD Evaporation
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Threshing
Threshing is beating the dried stalks to separate grain from the stalk. Winnowing comes after to remove husk.
Which of these is the liquid that passes through filter paper?
Beginner
A ResidueB DistillateC SedimentD Filtrate
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Filtrate
The liquid that passes through the filter is called the filtrate. The solid left on the paper is the residue.
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