Acids & Bases: 26 flashcards
All 26 flashcards from this kit, free and with no sign-up.
1. What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?
Show the answer
An Arrhenius acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce **hydrogen ions** ($\text{H}^+$).
2. What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?
Show the answer
An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in water to produce **hydroxide ions** ($\text{OH}^-$).
3. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, what is an acid?
Show the answer
A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a **proton ($\text{H}^+$) donor**.
4. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, what is a base?
Show the answer
A Brønsted-Lowry base is a **proton ($\text{H}^+$) acceptor**.
5. What is the pH range for acidic solutions?
Show the answer
Acidic solutions have a pH **less than 7**.
6. What is the pH range for basic solutions?
Show the answer
Basic solutions have a pH **greater than 7**.
7. What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?
Show the answer
A neutral solution has a pH of **7**.
8. What color does blue litmus paper turn in an acid?
Show the answer
Blue litmus paper turns **red** in an acid.
9. What color does red litmus paper turn in a base?
Show the answer
Red litmus paper turns **blue** in a base.
10. What is the chemical formula for the hydronium ion?
Show the answer
The hydronium ion is **$\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$**.
11. What is a strong acid? Give an example.
Show the answer
A strong acid **completely dissociates** in water. Example: **$\text{HCl}$** (hydrochloric acid).
12. What is a weak acid? Give an example.
Show the answer
A weak acid **partially dissociates** in water. Example: **$\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}$** (acetic acid).
13. What is a strong base? Give an example.
Show the answer
A strong base **completely dissociates** in water. Example: **$\text{NaOH}$** (sodium hydroxide).
14. What is a weak base? Give an example.
Show the answer
A weak base **partially dissociates** in water. Example: **$\text{NH}_3$** (ammonia).
15. What is the reaction called when an acid and a base react to form salt and water?
Show the answer
It is called a **neutralization reaction**.
16. What is the general equation for a neutralization reaction?
Show the answer
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
17. What is the pH scale range?
Show the answer
The pH scale typically ranges from **0 to 14**.
18. What does a pH of 0 indicate?
Show the answer
A pH of 0 indicates a **very strong acid**.
19. What is the difference between a monoprotic and a polyprotic acid?
Show the answer
A monoprotic acid donates one proton (H⁺) per molecule (e.g., HCl), while a polyprotic acid can donate more than one proton (e.g., H₂SO₄, which is diprotic).
20. What is an amphoteric substance?
Show the answer
A substance that can act as either an acid or a base depending on the reaction. Water is a common example.
21. What is the conjugate base of an acid?
Show the answer
The species that remains after an acid donates a proton (H⁺). For example, the conjugate base of HCl is Cl⁻.
22. What is the conjugate acid of a base?
Show the answer
The species formed when a base accepts a proton (H⁺). For example, the conjugate acid of NH₃ is NH₄⁺.
23. What is the relationship between pH and pOH at 25°C?
Show the answer
pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.
24. How is pH calculated from the hydrogen ion concentration?
Show the answer
pH = −log[H⁺] (or −log[H₃O⁺]).
25. What is an indicator?
Show the answer
A substance that changes color depending on the pH of the solution, used to determine whether a solution is acidic or basic (e.g., litmus, phenolphthalein).
26. What is a buffer solution?
Show the answer
A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added, typically made from a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid).
Your notes can be a kit like these
Every kit here was made from real study material. Point Veda at a chapter, a PDF, a photo or a link and get notes, flashcards, practice MCQs, games and a scored test — free, in 42 languages.
- Chapter notes
- Flashcards
- Practice MCQs
- Scored tests
- Exam prep
Get Veda free See what students get
Free to start · No ads · Works in 42 languages