The Great Uprising of 1857: 30 flashcards
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1. What is the Great Uprising of 1857 also called?
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The Sepoy Mutiny and the First War of Independence.
2. When and where did the Great Uprising of 1857 begin?
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On 10 May 1857 at Meerut.
3. What was the immediate trigger of the 1857 uprising?
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The Enfield rifle cartridge greased with cow and pig fat.
4. Who attacked his officers at Barrackpore on 29 March 1857?
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Mangal Pandey.
5. Who was proclaimed the symbolic leader of the uprising in Delhi?
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Bahadur Shah Zafar, the aged Mughal emperor.
6. Who led the revolt in Kanpur?
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Nana Saheb.
7. Who led the revolt in Lucknow?
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Begum Hazrat Mahal.
8. Who led the revolt in Jhansi?
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Rani Lakshmibai.
9. Who led the revolt in Bihar?
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Kunwar Singh.
10. Who was the key general who fought across central India during the uprising?
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Tantia Tope.
11. What was the Doctrine of Lapse and who used it?
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A policy under Dalhousie that annexed states like Satara, Jhansi, and Nagpur when rulers had no natural heir.
12. Name two economic causes of the 1857 uprising.
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Heavy land revenue and the ruin of Indian artisans by machine-made British goods.
13. What military grievances angered the sepoys?
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Low pay, no promotion, and forced overseas service.
14. When did the British recapture Delhi during the uprising?
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In September 1857.
15. When was Tantia Tope captured, ending major resistance?
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In April 1859.
16. What did the Government of India Act 1858 do?
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It abolished the East India Company and transferred power directly to the British Crown.
17. What new title was given to the Governor-General after 1858?
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Viceroy.
18. What did Queen Victoria's proclamation promise?
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Respect for Indian rulers and religious customs.
19. How did the British reorganise the army after 1857?
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They placed more British soldiers and fewer Indian ones in key units.
20. Why did the rebels fail to win the uprising?
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The uprising was widespread but lacked unified leadership, a common plan, and a supply chain.
21. What advantages did the British have over the rebels?
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The telegraph, the railway, modern rifles, and reinforcements from Punjab and Britain.
22. Why is 1857 called the First War of Independence?
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Because it was the first large joint resistance by Indians against British rule.
23. When was the Indian National Congress founded?
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In 1885, building on later nationalist ideas.
24. What is the difference between a mutiny and an uprising?
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A mutiny involves only soldiers with immediate grievances, while an uprising involves soldiers, civilians, and rulers challenging foreign rule.
25. Which states were annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse?
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Satara, Jhansi, and Nagpur.
26. What social and religious fears did Indians have about the British?
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Fear of forced conversion to Christianity and interference with customs like the ban on sati.
27. How long did the 1857 uprising last?
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More than a year, from early 1857 to 1859.
28. Which leader fought in Bareilly during the uprising?
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Khan Bahadur Khan.
29. What was the symbolic importance of Delhi in the 1857 uprising?
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Delhi became the symbolic heart of the uprising under Bahadur Shah Zafar.
30. What happened to Mangal Pandey after his attack at Barrackpore?
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He was executed, but his defiance turned a rumour into open revolt.
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