Planetary Winds: 30 flashcards
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1. What are planetary winds?
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Winds that blow regularly from high pressure to low pressure belts throughout the year and cover a large portion of the Earth.
2. Name the three main types of planetary winds.
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Easterlies, Westerlies, and Polar winds.
3. In which direction are winds deflected in the Northern Hemisphere due to Earth's rotation?
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Towards the right of their original direction.
4. In which direction are winds deflected in the Southern Hemisphere due to Earth's rotation?
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Towards the left of their original direction.
5. What causes the deflection of winds?
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The rotation of the Earth from west to east.
6. What are Trade winds?
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Winds that blow from the subtropical high pressure belt (25°-35°) to the equatorial low pressure belt.
7. In which direction do Trade winds blow in the Northern Hemisphere?
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From north-east to south-west.
8. In which direction do Trade winds blow in the Southern Hemisphere?
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From south-east to north-west.
9. What are Westerlies?
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Winds that blow from the mid-latitudinal high pressure belt to the subpolar low pressure belt (55°-65°).
10. In which direction do Westerlies blow in the Northern Hemisphere?
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From south-west to north-east.
11. In which direction do Westerlies blow in the Southern Hemisphere?
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From north-west to south-east.
12. What are Polar winds?
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Winds that blow from the polar high pressure belt to the subpolar low pressure belt (55°-65°).
13. In which direction do Polar winds generally blow?
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From east to west.
14. Why are winds in the Southern Hemisphere stronger?
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Because the Southern Hemisphere is mostly oceans, with fewer obstacles like landforms.
15. What are Roaring Forties?
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Strong winds beyond 40°S latitude.
16. What are Furious Fifties?
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Stormy winds around 50°S latitude.
17. What are Screeching Sixties?
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Stormy winds around 60°S latitude that make tremendous noise.
18. Why are Roaring Forties, Furious Fifties, and Screeching Sixties not found in the Northern Hemisphere?
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Because the Northern Hemisphere has more landmasses and relief features that obstruct wind flow.
19. What is a valley breeze?
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A local wind that blows from the valley floor up the mountain slopes during the day.
20. How does a valley breeze form?
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During the day, the sun heats mountain slopes, causing air to rise. Cooler air from the valley floor moves up to replace it.
21. What is the relationship between pressure difference and wind velocity?
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Greater pressure difference leads to higher wind velocity; smaller difference leads to lower velocity.
22. How is wind speed measured?
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In kilometers per hour (km/hr).
23. What is the direction of Easterlies in the Northern Hemisphere?
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From north-east to south-west.
24. What is the direction of Easterlies in the Southern Hemisphere?
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From south-east to north-west.
25. What are the pressure belts from equator to pole?
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Equatorial low, subtropical high, subpolar low, polar high.
26. At what latitudes are the mid-latitudinal high pressure belts located?
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Between 25° and 35° parallels.
27. At what latitudes are the subpolar low pressure belts located?
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Between 55° and 65° parallels.
28. What is the original direction of winds from the mid-latitudinal high to subpolar low in the Northern Hemisphere before deflection?
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From south to north.
29. What is the original direction of winds from the polar high to subpolar low in the Southern Hemisphere before deflection?
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From south to north.
30. Why do winds get deflected?
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Due to the Coriolis effect caused by Earth's rotation.
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