Communication Models: 32 flashcards
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1. Who gave one of the earliest models of communication?
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**Aristotle**
2. What are the four elements of Aristotle's model of communication?
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**Speaker**, **Speech**, **Audience**, **Effect**
3. In Aristotle's model, what does 'Speaker' refer to?
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The person who gives the message
4. In Aristotle's model, what does 'Speech' refer to?
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The message or ideas
5. In Aristotle's model, what does 'Audience' refer to?
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The people who listen to the message
6. In Aristotle's model, what does 'Effect' refer to?
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The result of the message on the audience
7. What are the three means of persuasion in Aristotle's model?
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**Ethos**, **Pathos**, **Logos**
8. What does 'Ethos' mean in Aristotle's model?
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Trust in the speaker
9. What does 'Pathos' mean in Aristotle's model?
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Feeling of the audience
10. What does 'Logos' mean in Aristotle's model?
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Logic and facts
11. Name two contexts where Aristotle's model is significant.
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**Political speeches**, **Public lectures**, **Advertising**, **Debates**, **Classroom presentation**, **Persuasive writing** (any two)
12. What is the main limitation of Aristotle's model?
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It is a **one-way model** and gives little importance to **feedback**.
13. Who developed the five-question model of communication and in which year?
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**Harold D. Lasswell** in **1948**
14. What are the five basic questions in Lasswell's model?
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**Who** → **Says what** → **In which channel** → **To whom** → **With what effect**
15. In Lasswell's model, what does 'Who' refer to?
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The **communicator** (sender of the message)
16. In Lasswell's model, what does 'Says what' refer to?
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The **message**
17. In Lasswell's model, what does 'In which channel' refer to?
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The **medium**
18. In Lasswell's model, what does 'To whom' refer to?
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The **receiver/audience**
19. In Lasswell's model, what does 'With what effect' refer to?
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The **result or impact**
20. What is the importance of Lasswell's model?
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It helps understand **mass communication**—who sends the message, what it is, how it reaches people, and its effect.
21. What is the main limitation of Lasswell's model?
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It is a **one-way process**; it does not give much importance to **feedback** and does not fully explain how people reply.
22. Example: A government tells people to save water through television. Identify 'Who' and 'Channel' in Lasswell's model.
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**Who** → Government; **Channel** → Television
23. Example: A government tells people to save water through television. Identify 'Says what' and 'To whom'.
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**Says what** → Save water; **To whom** → People
24. Example: A government tells people to save water through television. What is the 'Effect'?
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People learn to save water
25. Aristotle's model is also known by what name, based on its one-way nature?
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The linear (one-way) model of communication, since it treats communication as flowing from speaker to audience without feedback.
26. Which communication context does Aristotle's model NOT account for, since it assumes a single speaker addressing a passive audience?
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Interpersonal or two-way communication (e.g., dialogue and feedback-based interaction), which is why it is considered limited.
27. Lasswell's model is often summarized by which mnemonic phrase?
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The '5 Ws' — Who, Says what, In which channel, To whom, With what effect.
28. Lasswell's model is commonly described as what type of model, and why?
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A linear, one-way model, because it describes communication as flowing from sender to receiver without including feedback.
29. Which field did Lasswell's model originally aim to analyze, giving it lasting importance?
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Mass communication (e.g., propaganda and media analysis), making it a foundational model for studying mass media effects.
30. In Lasswell's model, which element corresponds to the 'sender' in other communication models?
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'Who' — the communicator or source who initiates the message.
31. How does Aristotle's model differ from Lasswell's model in terms of the elements it includes?
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Aristotle's model has four elements (Speaker, Speech, Audience, Effect) and focuses on persuasion, while Lasswell's has five (Who, Says what, In which channel, To whom, With what effect) and focuses on mass communication analysis.
32. Example: A teacher explains a lesson to students in a classroom. Using Aristotle's model, identify the 'Speech' and the 'Effect'.
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'Speech' is the lesson content explained by the teacher; 'Effect' is the students' understanding or learning resulting from the explanation.
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