html images links and lists: 22 flashcards
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1. What does the `<img>` tag do?
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It embeds an image file into the page by fetching it from a URL and painting it into the layout.
2. Why does `<img>` have no closing tag?
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It is a void element — it stands alone and carries all its information in attributes.
3. What does the `src` attribute of `<img>` hold?
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The path or URL of the image file the browser must fetch.
4. What is the job of the `alt` attribute?
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It provides alternative text shown if the image fails to load and read aloud by screen readers.
5. Which two attributes of `<img>` are effectively mandatory?
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`src` and `alt` — without `src` there is nothing to fetch, without `alt` the image is inaccessible.
6. What do the `width` and `height` attributes of `<img>` control?
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The displayed size of the image in pixels.
7. What does the `<a>` tag create, and what is it called?
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It creates a hyperlink and is called the anchor tag.
8. Which attribute of `<a>` holds the destination address?
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`href` (hypertext reference).
9. What is an external link?
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A link that points to another website, e.g. `href="https://wikipedia.org"`.
10. What is an internal link?
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A link that points to another page on the same site, e.g. `href="about.html"`.
11. How does an anchor link jump to a section on the same page?
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It uses `#id` in the `href`, e.g. `href="#contact"`.
12. How do you make a link that opens the mail client?
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Use `mailto:` inside `href`, e.g. `href="mailto:hi@site.com"`.
13. What does `<ul>` create?
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An unordered (bulleted) list, for items where order does not matter.
14. What does `<ol>` create?
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An ordered (numbered) list, for items where sequence matters.
15. Which tag wraps each item in a list?
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`<li>` (list item).
16. Where must a nested list be placed?
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Inside an `<li>` element, never between two `<li>` tags.
17. How do you make a clickable image link?
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Wrap the `<img>` tag inside an `<a>` tag.
18. How are navigation menus commonly built?
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As a `<ul>` of `<a>` tags, often with images inside the list items.
19. Why does semantic HTML matter for accessibility?
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Real `<img>`, `<a>`, `<ul>`, `<ol>` tags let screen readers, search engines and other programs understand the page.
20. What happens to an image with no `alt` attribute?
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It becomes inaccessible to blind users, since screen readers have nothing to announce.
21. What is a void element?
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An element like `<img>` that has no closing tag and relies entirely on attributes.
22. Why do lists help readers?
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They organise content so readers can scan it quickly instead of parsing a wall of text.
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