Plant Life Processes: 17 flashcards
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1. What are life processes?
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The basic functions that all living organisms perform to maintain and sustain life, such as nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion.
2. Why do plants need nutrition?
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Plants need nutrition to obtain energy, build new cells, and carry out all life processes for growth and maintenance.
3. What is photosynthesis?
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The process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (food) and oxygen.
4. What are the raw materials for photosynthesis?
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Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight (with chlorophyll).
5. Where does photosynthesis occur in a plant cell?
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In the chloroplasts, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
6. What is the role of stomata in plants?
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Stomata are tiny pores on leaves that allow gas exchange: carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits during photosynthesis.
7. What is respiration in plants?
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The process by which plants break down glucose to release energy for life activities, using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide and water.
8. How is respiration different from photosynthesis?
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Respiration releases energy by breaking down food and uses oxygen, while photosynthesis stores energy by making food and releases oxygen.
9. What is transportation in plants?
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The movement of water, minerals, and food throughout the plant via specialized tissues like xylem and phloem.
10. What is the function of xylem?
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Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
11. What is the function of phloem?
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Phloem transports food (sugars) made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
12. What is transpiration?
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The loss of water vapor from plant leaves through stomata, which helps pull water up from the roots.
13. What is excretion in plants?
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The removal of waste products like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and excess water; some wastes are stored in leaves, bark, or fruits.
14. How do plants excrete waste?
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Through stomata (gases), lenticels, and by storing solid wastes in leaves that fall off, or in resins and gums.
15. What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
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$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{light, chlorophyll} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$$
16. Why is chlorophyll essential for photosynthesis?
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Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is converted into chemical energy used to make food.
17. What are the main life processes in plants?
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Nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion.
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