Daily Routine: quick revision, 16 bites

Reflexive Verbs: The Core of Daily Routines

Actions done to oneself—master these!

**Reflexive verbs** end in **-se** and describe actions you do *to yourself*. They always use a **reflexive pronoun** (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that matches the subject. For example, *levantarse* (to get up) becomes *yo me levanto* (I get up).

Takeaway. Reflexive verbs show actions done to oneself—always pair them with the right pronoun.

What Makes a Verb Reflexive?

Spot the -se ending!

A verb is **reflexive** when its infinitive ends in **-se**, indicating the action reflects back on the subject. The pronoun (me, te, se, etc.) is essential and cannot be omitted.

Takeaway. The -se ending signals a reflexive verb—the doer and receiver are the same.

Reflexive Pronouns: Singular and Plural

Match the pronoun to the subject.

Takeaway. Reflexive pronouns change with the subject—me, te, se for singular; nos, os, se for plural.

Conjugating Levantarse

See the pattern in action.

**Levantarse** (to get up) conjugated with reflexive pronouns:

Takeaway. Conjugate the verb normally and place the reflexive pronoun before it.

Using Reflexive Verbs in Sentences

Put the verbs to work.

Takeaway. Reflexive verbs appear in everyday sentences about your routine.

Stem-Changing Reflexive Verbs

Watch the stem change!

Some reflexive verbs have **stem changes** in the present tense. The change happens in all forms except *nosotros* and *vosotros*.

Takeaway. Stem-changing reflexive verbs alter the stem (e→ie, e→i, o→ue) in most forms.

Common Daily Routine Verbs

Expand your routine vocabulary.

Takeaway. These reflexive verbs are essential for describing your daily routine.

Telling Time in Spanish

Master the clock expressions.

To ask the time, use **¿Qué hora es?** or **¿Tienes la hora?** To answer, use **Es la una** for 1:00 and **Son las** for all other hours. Add minutes with **y** (and) or **menos** (minus) for the next hour.

Takeaway. Time uses 'es la' for 1:00, 'son las' for others, with 'y' for past and 'menos' for to the hour.

Time Expressions: Quarter and Half

Special words for 15 and 30.

Takeaway. Remember: cuarto = quarter, media = half.

Parts of the Day

Specify morning, afternoon, or night.

Takeaway. Use these phrases to clarify the time of day.

Frequency Adverbs

How often do you do things?

**Frequency adverbs** tell how often an action occurs. They usually go before the verb or at the end of the sentence.

Takeaway. Frequency adverbs like siempre and a menudo describe how often you do activities.

Using Frequency Expressions

See them in context.

Takeaway. Use frequency adverbs and expressions to describe your routine habits.

Forgetting the Reflexive Pronoun

Don't drop the pronoun!

Takeaway. Always include the reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, etc.) with reflexive verbs.

Time: 'Es la una' vs 'Son las'

One o'clock is special.

Use **es la una** only for 1:00 (and 1:xx), but **son las** for all other hours. For example, *Es la una y veinticinco* (1:25) but *Son las dos* (2:00).

Takeaway. Remember: 'es la una' for 1 o'clock, 'son las' for everything else.

Remembering Reflexive Pronouns

A simple chant to memorize.

Chant: **me, te, se, nos, os, se** — just like *yo, tú, él, nosotros, vosotros, ellos* but for actions done to oneself.

Takeaway. Memorize the pronoun sequence: me, te, se, nos, os, se.

Siesta Culture

A daily routine tradition.

**Hacer la siesta** (to take a nap) is a common activity in Spanish-speaking countries, often after lunch. It's part of the daily routine vocabulary.

Takeaway. The siesta is a cultural practice reflected in routine vocabulary.