Measurement of Matter — Practice Exercises: 25 flashcards
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1. What two things are needed to completely describe a physical quantity?
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A numerical value and a unit.
2. What is the SI unit of length?
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metre (m)
3. What is the SI unit of mass?
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kilogram (kg)
4. What is the SI unit of temperature?
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kelvin (K)
5. How many metres are in 1 kilometre?
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$1000\ \text{m}$
6. How many grams are in 1 kilogram?
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$1000\ \text{g}$
7. How many cubic centimetres are in 1 cubic metre?
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$10^6\ \text{cm}^3$
8. What is the formula for density?
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$\rho = \dfrac{m}{V}$
9. What is the SI unit of density?
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$\text{kg/m}^3$
10. Convert $1\ \text{g/cm}^3$ to $\text{kg/m}^3$.
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$1000\ \text{kg/m}^3$
11. What is the least count of an instrument?
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The smallest value the instrument can measure.
12. What is the typical least count of a ruler?
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$0.1\ \text{cm}$ (1 mm)
13. What is the least count of a Vernier calliper?
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$0.01\ \text{cm}$
14. What is the least count of a screw gauge?
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$0.001\ \text{cm}$
15. Are leading zeros significant?
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No — leading zeros are never significant.
16. How many significant figures are in 2005?
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4
17. In multiplication and division, how many significant figures should the result keep?
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The smallest number of significant figures among the inputs.
18. In addition and subtraction, what limits the result?
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The least number of decimal places among the inputs.
19. What is the difference between mass and weight?
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Mass is the amount of matter (kg); weight is the gravitational force on it (N), $W = mg$.
20. How is the volume of an irregular solid measured?
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By water displacement in a measuring cylinder.
21. Convert $0\ ^\circ\text{C}$ to kelvin.
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$273.15\ \text{K}$
22. Convert $100\ ^\circ\text{C}$ to kelvin.
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$373.15\ \text{K}$
23. What is the formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
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$T(^\circ\text{F}) = \tfrac{9}{5}T(^\circ\text{C}) + 32$
24. What is the density of aluminium (useful sanity check)?
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About $2.7\ \text{g/cm}^3$
25. Why must you convert units before substituting into a formula?
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Because mixing units (e.g. $\text{kg/m}^3$ with $\text{cm}^3$) gives a wrong numerical answer.
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