Tissues: 18 flashcards
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1. What is a tissue?
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A group of cells that are similar in structure and work together to perform a specific function.
2. Name the two main types of tissues based on the organism.
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Plant tissues and animal tissues.
3. What are the two main categories of plant tissues?
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Meristematic tissues and permanent tissues.
4. What is the main characteristic of meristematic tissue?
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Its cells continuously divide and help in plant growth.
5. Where is apical meristem located and what does it do?
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Located at the tips of roots and shoots; it increases the length of the plant (primary growth).
6. What is the function of lateral meristem?
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It increases the girth (thickness) of stems and roots (secondary growth).
7. What are permanent tissues?
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Tissues derived from meristematic tissues that have lost the ability to divide and have taken up a specific function.
8. What are the two types of permanent tissues?
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Simple permanent tissues and complex permanent tissues.
9. Give an example of a simple permanent tissue and a complex permanent tissue in plants.
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Simple: parenchyma (or collenchyma or sclerenchyma). Complex: xylem or phloem.
10. What is the basic function of parenchyma tissue?
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It provides support, stores food, and in some cases performs photosynthesis (if it contains chloroplasts).
11. What is the main function of collenchyma tissue?
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It provides flexible support to growing parts of the plant, like stems and leaves.
12. What is the main function of sclerenchyma tissue?
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It provides strength and rigidity; its cells are dead and have thick, lignified walls.
13. What is the role of xylem tissue?
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It transports water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
14. What is the role of phloem tissue?
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It transports food (sugars) from leaves to other parts of the plant.
15. Name the four main types of animal tissues.
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Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.
16. What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
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It covers the body surface, lines internal organs, and forms glands; it protects, absorbs, and secretes.
17. What is the main function of connective tissue?
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It connects and supports other tissues, and also stores fat and transports substances (e.g., blood).
18. What is the main function of muscular tissue?
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It is responsible for movement, either voluntary or involuntary, by contracting and relaxing.
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