🃏 Flashcards
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30 flashcards in this kit — the app reviews them with
spaced repetition so the right card returns on the right day.
Question
What is matter?
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Answer
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
Question
What are the three states of matter?
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Answer
Solid, liquid, and gas.
Question
What is the particle nature of matter?
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Answer
Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules.
Question
What is an atom?
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Answer
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.
Question
What is a molecule?
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Answer
A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance (element or compound) that can exist independently and shows all the properties of that substance.
Question
What is an element?
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Answer
An element is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.
Question
What is a compound?
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Answer
A compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
Question
What is a mixture?
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Answer
A mixture contains two or more substances physically combined, not in a fixed ratio.
Question
What is a homogeneous mixture?
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Answer
A mixture with uniform composition throughout.
Question
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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Answer
A mixture with non-uniform composition.
Question
What is a physical change?
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Answer
A change in which no new substance is formed; only physical properties change.
Question
What is a chemical change?
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Answer
A change in which new substances with different properties are formed.
Question
What is the law of conservation of mass?
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Answer
Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Question
What is the law of constant proportions?
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Answer
A chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportion by mass.
Question
What is an ion?
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Answer
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, giving it a charge.
Question
What is a cation?
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Answer
A positively charged ion formed by losing electrons.
Question
What is an anion?
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Answer
A negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.
Question
What is a chemical formula?
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Answer
A symbolic representation of a chemical compound showing the elements and their ratios.
Question
What is the valency of an element?
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Answer
The combining capacity of an element, equal to the number of electrons it can gain, lose, or share.
Question
What is atomic number?
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Answer
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Question
What is mass number?
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Answer
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Question
What are isotopes?
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Answer
Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Question
What are isobars?
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Answer
Atoms of different elements with the same mass number but different atomic numbers.
Question
What is the structure of an atom?
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Answer
An atom consists of a nucleus (protons and neutrons) and electrons orbiting around it.
Question
What is the Bohr model of the atom?
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Answer
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in specific orbits or shells without radiating energy.
Question
What are the rules for filling electrons in shells?
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Answer
The maximum number of electrons in a shell is given by 2n², where n is the shell number.
Question
What is the significance of the atomic number?
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Answer
It determines the element's identity and its position in the periodic table.
Question
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?
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Answer
An atom is the smallest unit of an element, while a molecule is the smallest unit of a substance that can exist independently.
Question
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
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Answer
A compound is chemically combined with fixed composition, while a mixture is physically combined with variable composition.
Question
What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?
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Answer
Physical change alters form but not composition; chemical change forms new substances.